The framework can be implemented as a form of preventive personal ethics, which would help avoid ethical dilemmas and moral implications in the first place. The moral framework presented here is the complementary part of the ethical framework developed in Part I of this article and is based primarily on the personal behavior or the moral aspect of professional responsibility. The professional and moral attributes are established by identifying a set of common moral values recognized by professionals in the construction industry and required to prevent common construction breaches. The normative decision-making models reviewed are based primarily on social attributes as related to moral theories (e.g., utilitarianism, duty, rights, virtue, etc.). The social aspect of the proposed framework is developed primarily from the essential attributes of normative business decision-making models identified in the literature review and subsequently incorporates additional attributes related to professional and personal moral values. The moral framework provides the basis of judging actions as “moral” or “immoral” based on three levels of moral accountability: personal, professional, and social. This study establishes a framework for moral judgment of behavior and actions conducted in the construction process. The framework should reflect a common moral ground for myriad people involved in this process to survive and compete ethically in today’s turbulent construction market. The most challenging obstacle in the construction process is to achieve a successful practice and to identify and apply an ethical framework to manage the behavior of involved specialists and contractors and to ensure the quality of all completed construction activities. This is similar to negotiating where a third party can make the final decision or assist in coming to an agreement.The construction industry is typically characterized as a fragmented, multi-organizational setting in which members from different technical backgrounds and moral values join together to develop a particular business or project. In that case, the parties may seek arbitration if disagreement persists. Selecting an Action by Weighing Competing, Nonmoral ValuesĬonsult valued colleagues and expert opinions including ethical standardsĪrbitration – Parties may not always agree. It is the counselor’s responsibility to know the differences.Īssess the nature of relationships – Conflicting opinions? Adversarial?įormulations of an ethical decision – review potential discriminatory laws or institutional Regulations make sure potential courses of action reflect the different worldviews involved consider the positive and negative consequences of opposing course of action from the parties involved consult with cultural experts, if necessary select a course of action that best represents an agreement of the parties involved in the case. Garcia, Cartwright, & Borchukowska (2003)Īwareness and fact finding – Enhancing sensitivity and awareness means not only being aware of a dilemma but also how that dilemma may affect the different stakeholders involved who may have different or opposing worldviews. While there is no specific ethical decision-making model that is most effective, a modification of the steps included in Corey, Corey, Corey, & Callanan (2014) may be used as a foundation: ![]() The most contemporary models integrate traditional concepts such as arbitrating and negotiating with virtue ethics ideals of self-reflection, community consideration, and collaboration as a holistic decision-making framework, emphasizing advocacy and client empowerment outcomes. Traditional models evolved from the moral-based medical ethics strategy of Beauchamp and Childress (1979) into using principle ethics as the foundation for counselor problem-solving (Kitchener, 1984). However, many sound models prescribe similar processes to weigh ethical dilemmas. To that end, the CRCC does not advocate or advise one strategy over another. ![]() No one authoritative model exists to serve as the mechanism for rehabilitation counselors to make ethical decisions. When faced with ethical dilemmas that are difficult to resolve, rehabilitation counselors are expected to engage in a carefully considered ethical decision-making process.Įthical decision-making is a skill that rehabilitation counselors must cultivate over the course and scope of their career. Although the Code provides guidance for ethical practice, it is impossible to address every possible ethical dilemma that rehabilitation counselors may face.
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